2^nd International Conference Neurooncology and Neurosurgery April 24, 25 2017 Dubai, UAE.

Cerebrovascular surgery involves operative treatment of neurovascular disorders of the brain and spine and surrounding blood vessels. The most common maladies treated by a cerebrovascular surgery include arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms and stroke. Globally 62 million people are suffering from cerebrovascular disease each year. CNS therapeutics comprises approximately 15% of total pharmaceutical sales which is around $30 billion.

Neurosurgery is the surgical speciality performed on the brain, spinal cord, nervous system and extra-cranial cerebrovascular system. Paediatric Neurosurgery deals with nervous system disorders and injuries of a child. Functional Neurosurgery treats central nervous system disorders and damages by Neurostimulation, Intrathecal drug delivery, Neuroablative therapies and many other newer techniques. Global Neurosurgery Market is expected grow at 11.7% CAGR by 2019. Global Interventional Neurology Market Is expected to reach $2,370.4 Million by the year 2020, expected to have a CAGR of 8.4% from 2015 to 2020. North America holds the largest share of neurovascular devices and surgical imaging market followed by Europe and Asia Pacific due to well acceptance of advanced devices among Neurosurgeons all over the world and it was $378.6 million in 2014.

Neuro Oncology is the study of brain and spinal cord neoplasms, many of which are (at least eventually) very dangerous and life-threatening (astrocytoma, glioma, glioblastoma multiforme, ependymoma, pontine glioma, and brain stem tumors are among the many examples of these). Among the malignant brain cancers, gliomas of the brainstem and pons, glioblastoma multiforme, and high-grade (highly anaplastic) astrocytoma are among the worst.

Brain Cancer market is segmented on the basis of diagnosis and therapeutics. A brain cancer involves the growth of abnormal cells in the tissues of the brain. Primary brain cancer involves malignant tumor, Brain stem tumors, germ cell tumor, pituitary adenomas, Tumor development, DIPG, Cellular biology of brain cancer, primary CNS lymphomas, Pathophysiology and Risk factors of brain cancer and prognosis of brain tumors.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) (named as glioblastoma) is a invasive glioma which is developed from star-shaped glial cells (i.e. astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) that support the health of the nerve cells within the brain. Almost 1 in 5 tumors in the brain are glioblastoma.

When cancer develops elsewhere in the body and spreads (metastasizes) to the brain, which is called as secondary brain tumor, or metastatic brain cancer. Brain metastases (secondary brain tumors) occur in approximately 15% of cancer patients as a result of haematogenous dissemination of cancer, and the incidence may be rising because of better control of systemic disease. 

The overall annual incidence of primary brain tumors in the United States is 9.5 cases per 100,000 population. Over 60% of primary brain tumors are gliomas, and at least two-thirds of these are clinically aggressive and high grade. Brain tumors represent 20% of all childhood malignancies and are the number two cause of cancer death in children after leukaemia

Angiogenesis is a vital process that facilitates tumor growth and survival. Angiogenesis is a well-controlled process that is regulated by angiogenic, growth, and survival factors that are secreted by the malignant cells as well as other cells within the tumor microenvironment

Radiation Oncology encompasses all aspects of research that impacts on the treatment of cancer using radiation. It discloses findings in molecular and cellular radiation oncology, radiation technology, radiation physics, and clinical oncology.

The primary method which is used in the initial diagnosis, monitoring of response, and process of progression in Neuro Oncology is neuroimaging techniques. Neuro imaging has enabled great progress in the diagnosis of brain cancer, as well as finding useful application in medical research and practice.

There are a number of accepted, safe imaging techniques in use today in research facilities and hospitals throughout the world which includes FMRI, CT scan, PET, EEG, MEG, NIRS. This session includes latest technologies and developments of Structural and functional imaging, Biomarker Discovery, Radioactive compounds in Neuroimaging, Computed tomography, Diffuse optical imaging, Magnetic resonance imaging, Positron emission tomography.

Pediatric Neuro Oncology is a fast developing field. Brain tumors are the cause of cancer-related deaths among children. Brain disorders are the most common solid malignancy in children.  Their bodies and brains are still developing. Their tumors are different.  The common childhood brain cancers are not the same as the most common adult brain cancers. Though they are rare, brain tumors are very common form of solid tumors among children under the age of 15 and represent about 20% of all childhood cancers.

Childhood tumors frequently appear in different locations and behave differently than brain tumors appearing in adults.  Treatment options are different and can be strongly influenced by the age of the child.  Children suffering from brain cancer may also have a much better prognosis than adults with a similar condition. The common types of brain tumors in children are Neurofibromatosis, Primitive Neuroectodermal tumor, Leukaemia, Neuroblastoma, Medulloblastoma, Ependymoma and Astrocytoma.

The work of the neuropathologist consists largely of examining biopsy tissue from the brain and spinal cord to aid in diagnosis of disease. The biopsy is usually requested after a mass is detected by radiologic imaging. As for autopsies, the principal work of the neuropathologist is to help in the post-mortem diagnosis of various forms of dementia and other conditions that affect the central nervous system.

Neuropathology is the study of disease of nervous system tissue, usually in the form of either small surgical biopsies or whole autopsies. Neuropathology is a subspecialty of anatomic pathology, neurology, and neurosurgery.

Neurosurgery is a complex surgical procedure that involves treatment, diagnosis, and rehabilitation of disorders affecting any region of the nervous system.

Some of the most common Neurosurgeries are skull base surgery, Image Guided Surgery, Laser Surgery ,  spinal Neurosurgery and  Neurosurgical treatment. The Global Neurosurgery market is expected to grow 11.71% over the period of 2014-2019.

About one-third of patients are being treated for cancer pain, which leads to many different forms. It may be short-lived or long-lasting, mild or severe, or effect on few organs, bones or organ system. Since each patient’s pain is unique, it is determined that cancer pain management treatment plans must be adapt to address individual needs.

Brain cancer market is segmented on the basis of diagnosis and therapeutics.  Major research is going on targeted Therapies for Brain Cancer. On the basis of treatment the market is segmented into surgeries, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Therapeutic approaches include Chemotherapy Intensity modulated radiation therapy, palliative care, vaccine therapy, surgical delivery, Molecular pathology for clinician and challenges in therapy

Case report of Tumour heterogeneity are related in differences between tumours of the same type in different patients, and also difference between cancer cells within a tumour cells can show distinct  including cellular morphology, motility, gene expression, proliferation, metabolism, and metastatic potential. This process occurs both between tumours which is called as inter-tumour heterogeneity and within tumours called as intra-tumour heterogeneity. It plays a major role in brain Cancer.