7^th International Conference on Neuro-Oncology and Brain Tumor May 24-25, 2021 Brisbane, Australia

Radiation Oncology encompasses all facet, of research that whack, on the treatment of cancer using radiation. It discloses verdict in molecular and cellular radiation oncology, radiation technology, radiation physics, and clinical oncology.

Radiation Oncology is fabricated up of three unique medical specialties that focus on the treatment of cancer patients with radiotherapy treatment (also known as radiation therapy); videlicet Radiation Oncologists, Radiation Therapists and Radiation Physicists.

Nursing is a dealing with assessment, nursing diagnosis and management of brain and nervous system disorders, tumors, brain injuries, trauma, spine injuries, stroke, seizures aneurysms and many more conditions. Critical illness defines severe damage of vital organs like Central nervous system failure, brain damage, and spine injury and there is a chance of life threatening deterioration in the patient’s condition. Critical care is time dependent and delivered by physician to a critically injured patient and requires high complex decision to assess, monitor, manipulate and support vital organ function in order to treat vital organ system failure.

Occurrence of Cancer related complications are seen during Chemotherapy because the dividing blood cells in bone marrow are also prone to damage from medications used in treatment also many of these side effects can be attributed to low blood counts. In rare cases, some Chemotherapy drugs can cause Heart damage or trigger another cancer such as leukaemia. Some complications seen are

•    Infection
•    Fatigue
•    Bruising
•    Bleeding
•    Sleep disturbances

Preventive measures should start before cancer therapy begins, reducing the occurrence of further problems brought about by different treatment modalities.

^{The upcoming implementation of a Neurosurgical ablation device that provides controlled therapy for brain lesions those are difficult to reach and treat. Thistool,will allow us to introduce the probe into the tumor and destroy it without having to perform a Surgical Operation or Craniotomy.Recent advances have made treatment for brain tumors much safer and more successful. Some of these newer.}

^{•Antiseizure/Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs)}

^•Steroids

^{•Surgery: The goal of surgery in the treatment of metastasis is to maximally remove tumor while leaving patients with good function}

^{•Radiosurgery: A non-invasive technique that delivers numerous narrow, precisely aimed, highly focused beams of ionizing radiation that converge at a specific point.}

 ^{•Radiation therapy: X-rays and other forms of radiation can destroy tumor cells or delay tumor   growth.}

^{•Chemotherapy: The use of drugs to kill rapidly dividing cells. It can be taken orally or intravenously.}

^{•Targeted therapy: The focus on a specific element of a cell, such as molecules or pathways required for cell growth, in order to use them as a target.}

In low-grade Gliomas, stereotactically guided conformal Radiotherapy should lead to a significant reduction in Radiation-associated late toxicity, while in selected groups of high-grade Gliomas the use of adjuvant or Neo-adjuvant Chemotherapy may improve survival. In primitive Neuroectodermal Tumours Prognostic Biological markers have been identified that are undergoing prospective evaluation. In infants the use of post-surgical chemotherapy alone may allow the postponing of Radiotherapy in selected cases. For patients with localized Medulloblastomas a new standard treatment is emerging that uses reduced-dose Craniospinal Radiotherapy followed by Platinum-based chemotherapy, while in Supratentorial primitive Neuroectodermal tumours future treatment will be aimed at improving local control.

The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) Working Group is an international, Multidisciplinary effort to develop new standardized response criteria for Clinical trials in Brain tumors. The Surgery Working Group of RANO identified surgically related End-point evaluation problems that were not addressed in the original Macdonald criteria. Macdonald criteria led to the initiation of an International effort in Neurooncology to develop Novel Response and Progression Assessment Criteria.

Angiogenesis theatrically a critical role in the maturation and spread of cancer, it also plays a major role in the transition of tumor cells from a benign state to a malignant (cancerous), leading to the use of angiogenesis evasion in the treatment of cancer.

Angiogenesis is a vital series that facilitates tumor growth and survival. Angiogenesis is a well-controlled path that is systematize by angiogenic, growth, and survival factors that are secreted by the malignant units as well as other corpuscle within the tumour microenvironment.

The Psychosocial and Neurocognitive functioning of several cancer patients and survivors deleteriously affected by various treatments of Malignant tumors such as Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy and Hormonal therapy. Oncology researchers and Clinicians are increasingly Cognizant of the negative effects of Cancer and its treatments on the Brain and its mental processes and Cognitive outcomes. Neuropsychology in Cancer features the current findings on the Neuropsychological effects of the Cancers and their treatments along with the most promising Neuropsychological and behavioural health interventions available to mitigate these deficits.

The Neuro oncology is denounced to various malevolent disorders of neurons. Central Nervous System covers its mechanism, Metastatic pestilence, Ramification, Cancers, astrocytoma, brainstem glioma and pons, glioblastoma multiforme, and high-grade (highly anaplastic) astrocytoma. Cancer spreads to the Nervous System by direct invasion or compression from continuous tissues relates to the proximity of the Nervous System to other structures. The global central nervous system (CNS) therapeutics peddle has been forecast to reach US$133 billion by the year 2021, which increases in disease ubiquity rates due to increase in population, introduction of new drugs, and increased outgo on healthcare.The neuro oncology which includes Ganglioglioneurocytoma, Germ cell tumor, Vascular brain tumors, Skull base tumors, Vestibular schwannomas, Germinoma, Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), Glioblastoma, Glioma, Hemangioblastoma, Leptomeningeal disease (carcinomatous meningitis), Low-grade glioma, Lymphoma, Medulloblastoma, Meningioma, Neurofibromatosis, Oligodendroglioma, Pilocytic astrocytoma, Pineal gland parenchymal tumor, Pineal tumor, Pineoblastoma, Pituitary adenoma, Chordoma.

For more types of brain and spinal cord tumors are in below:

Choroid Plexus Tumor arises from Brain tissue that invades nearby tissue and spread widely via the cerebrospinal fluid. Like other brain tumors, choroid plexus tumors are also “graded.” Choroid Plexus Neoplasms are rare, Intraventricular, Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors derived from Choroid Plexus Epithelium that are seen predominantly in children.

Gangliocytomas are rare indolent CNS tumours which are made up of mature neurons arising anywhere within the Neuroaxis. They differ from gangliogliomas as they lack neoplastic glial cells. Treatment involves surgical removal of the tumor. These are Neuroepithelial Tumors which line the ventricles of the brain and produces Cerebrospinal fluid.

Neurosurgery or neurological surgery is the medical specialty focused on the prevention, diagnosis, and rehabilitation of disorders which affect any part of the nervous system such as brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and extra-cranial cerebrovascular system. They help in the diagnosis of intra cerebral hemorrhage.

Pediatric neurooncology encompasses a wide-variety of areas Pediatric neurosurgeons are quite completely different from those ordinarily seen by general neurosurgeons. Because Pediatric neurosurgical issues often are present for life, children with nervous system problems frequently require close, on-going follow-up from childhood - sometimes as early as the new-born period - through the teenage years.

The types of brain tumors most common in children are not the same as those most common in adults. Childhood brain tumors frequently appear in different locations and behave differently than brain tumors in adults.

These areas include: developmental, contextual, and psychosocial factors that can contribute to Pediatric psychological and physical issues. It additionally includes: the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of Pediatric medical conditions, prevention of Pediatric medical conditions (physical and psychological), educating the general population on Pediatric health, promoting health-related behaviours, advocating for child and family public policies, and improving Pediatric healthcare delivery services.

Neoplasm is an abnormal growth of tissue, which forms a mass that commonly referred to as a Tumor. Neoplasm can be caused by an,that which can be caused by. Not all types of  cause a tumorous overgrowth of tissue. Malignant Neoplasms derived from epithelial cells are called Carcinomas.

Meningiomas usually grow inward slowly, causing pressure on the Brain or Spinal cord. They interfere with the normal functions of the Brain after reaching a large size. They represent about one-third of all Primary Brain Tumors and occur most frequently in middle-aged women.

Metastasis is defined as the process by which Cancer cells spread to other parts of the body. Metastatic Cancer is called as Stage IV cancer among many stages of it. Metastasis is one of the hallmarks of cancer distinguishing it from benign tumors. And it can spread to distant parts of the body.

A brain tumor is occurs when abnormal cells form within the brain. There are two main types of tumors: cancerous (malignant) tumors and benign (non-cancerous) tumors. Malignant tumors can be divided into primary tumors, which start within the brain, and secondary tumors,  

The symptoms of Brain stem tumors vary greatly and can include Ataxia, Cranial Nerve Palsy, headaches, problems with speech and swallowing, hearing loss, weakness, Hemiparesis, vision abnormalities, ptosis, and behavioural changes. Another possible symptom is vomiting. Any brain tumor is inherently serious and life-threatening because of its invasive and infiltrative character in the limited space of the Intracranial Cavity.

Types of  Brain Tumors which includes: